罗斯福珍珠港事件演讲亲子伴读网

富兰克林·D·罗斯福总统的“珍珠港演讲”正式名称为“1941年12月8日的宣战演说”，也被称为“耻辱日演讲”（Day of Infamy Speech）。这次演讲是在珍珠港事件后一天，美国国会的联席会议上发表的，是二战历史中极具象征意义的时刻之一。

背景：

1941年12月7日，日本帝国海军对美国夏威夷的珍珠港发动了一次突然袭击，摧毁了大量美国海军舰艇和飞机，造成约2400名美国士兵和平民死亡。这一事件震惊了整个美国，标志着美国卷入第二次世界大战的开端。

演讲内容：

罗斯福在演讲中开门见山地描述了12月7日为“一个将永远蒙上耻辱的日子”（“a date which will live in infamy”）。他严厉谴责了日本在与美国谈判的同时发动的突然袭击，称其为“蓄意的”和“令人发指的”行为。

他详细说明了袭击的范围，不仅限于珍珠港，还包括关岛、菲律宾、威克岛等美国属地，以及香港和马来亚等地。罗斯福指出，这是一次精心策划的侵略行动，显示出日本的军事野心。

罗斯福随后向国会提出了请求，要求他们正式宣布美国与日本之间的战争状态。他强调，美国人民的决心已经坚定，他们将会战斗到底，直至获得胜利。

影响：

罗斯福的演讲几乎立即得到了国会的支持，美国国会在演讲结束后迅速通过了对日宣战的决议，正式标志着美国加入第二次世界大战。

这次演讲在美国历史上占有重要地位，激发了全国的爱国情怀和团结精神。罗斯福的坚定态度和明确的言辞不仅鼓舞了美国民众，也在全球范围内传递了一个强烈的信息，即美国将积极参与对抗轴心国的战争。

罗斯福的“珍珠港演讲”至今仍被广泛研究和引用，象征着美国在面对危机时的坚定决心和领导力。

全文如下：

Mr. Vice President, and Mr. Speaker, and Members of the Senate and House of Representatives: 

YESTERDAY, December 7, 1941 a date which will live in infamy the United States of America was suddenly and deliberately attacked by naval and air forces of the Empire of Japan. 

The United States was at peace with that Nation and, at the solicitation of Japan, was still in conversation with its Government and its Emperor looking toward the maintenance of peace in the Pacific. Indeed, one hour after Japanese air squadrons had commenced bombing in the American Island of Oahu, the Japanese Ambassador to the United States and his colleague delivered to our Secretary of State a formal reply to a recent American message. And while this reply stated that it seemed useless to continue the existing diplomatic negotiations, it contained no threat or hint of war or of armed attack. 

It will be recorded that the distance of Hawaii from Japan makes it obvious that the attack was deliberately planned many days or even weeks ago. During the intervening time the Japanese Government has deliberately sought to deceive the United States by false statements and expressions of hope for continued peace. 

The attack yesterday on the Hawaiian Islands has caused severe damage to American naval and military forces. I regret to tell you that very many American lives have been lost. In addition American ships have been reported torpedoed on the high seas between San Francisco and Honolulu. 

Yesterday the Japanese Government also launched an attack against Malaya. Last night Japanese forces attacked Hong Kong: Last night Japanese forces attacked Guam. Last night Japanese forces attacked the Philippine Islands.  Last night the Japanese attacked Wake Island. And this morning the Japanese attacked Midway Island. 

Japan has, therefore, undertaken a surprise offensive extending throughout the Pacific area. The facts of yesterday and today speak for themselves. The people of the United States have already formed their opinions and well understand the implications to the very life and safety of our Nation. 

As Commander in Chief of the Army and Navy I have directed that all measures be taken for our defense. 

But always will our whole Nation remember the character of the onslaught against us. 

No matter how long it may take us to overcome this premeditated invasion, the American people in their righteous might will win through to absolute victory. 

I believe that I interpret the will of the Congress and of the people when I assert that we will not only defend ourselves to the uttermost but will make it very certain that this form of treachery shall never again endanger us. 

Hostilities exist. There is no blinking at the fact that our people, our territory, and our interests are in grave danger. 

With confidence in our armed forces with the unbounding determination of our people we will gain the inevitable triumph so help us God. 

I ask that the Congress declare that since the unprovoked and dastardly attack by Japan on Sunday, December 7, 1941, a state of war has existed between the United States and the Japanese Empire